I can maybe throw a little light on this due to being an old-timer in this business. Not that long ago firearms training was pretty much non-existent unless you had been in the military or law enforcement, and as it related to handguns even the military didn't provide that much for most as they focused on the rifle. So if the idea that "JUST as many untrained people fail in defensive shootings as win" was accurate I would think I would have seen somewhat similar numbers between winners and losers of defensive pistol encounters back in the 70s and 80s. I did not, the numbers were not even close. IME the untrained person won't always win, but they will win a lot more than they lose. I qualify that with one caveat, however...if the BG loses, does he count as an "untrained-fail" or do we only count the numbers as they relate to the GG, in which case we have the problem of one of the more common incidents, BG vs BG shootings.