There are a lot of people thinking along similar lines. Look for some third-party vendors to come up with a docking station that will allow you to do a lot of that. There are folks that are working right on a powered USB 3.0 solution that would give you the Ethernet port, dual monitors, plus USB 2.0/3.0 compatibility. Plug in your external SATA drive into that for local encrypted storage, or use something like Dropbox or Skydrive. Because of some security breaches involving Dropbox, I'd be leery of storing unencrypted data there.
But then again, I don't think you should store unencrypted data anywhere.