I'm a big subaru fanboi. Between my SO and I, I've owned a 2005 WRX STi, 2002 Outback H6, 2009 Outback H4, 2013 Outback H4, and a 2019 Outback H4. The legendary performance of their AWD is legit; I'll leave it up to @
JRB to explain the mechanical differences, but in my experience they simply work better than other AWD systems which are kinda sorta AWD, but really just FWD. With that said, it definitely comes at a cost. Like @
Welder, my Subies ate wheel bearings. They would usually get noisy at 80k miles, and start breaking at 120-150k miles. I also totally beat the shit out of that 2002 Outback H6, which is the car I had the most repairs with. I drove it around overloaded on numerous 2,500-3,000 mile road trips with lots of dirt road use. When I got rid of it for the 2013 Outback, it had somewhere well north of 200k miles with 5 wheel bearing replacements, 1 alternator and alternator mount replacement, and a broken wheel.
Unless you, 1) Simply just like their cars, 2) have an actual need for good AWD systems with mud or snow performance, then I would recommend skipping the Subaru when looking at a new vehicle simply due to the increased cost of ownership. It used to be that if you wanted a safe car, your options were Volvo and Subaru, so it made more sense 15-20+ years ago even if #1 and #2 didn't apply. But, that's no longer a good reason to buy a Subaru either, since almost everyone is making very safe cars these days.
My ex still has her 2019 Outback H4, I haven't kept up on it since we split. My current SO and I share a 2021 Toyota Venza, which is the Glock 19 of middle-class suburban white-peepo vehicles. It's simply fantastic for suburbanite use, but I would never dream of taking it through anything I did with the Subies.
Ideally, I'd like one of the old wagons from the 90s to just smash into shopping carts in vacant parking lots during snowstorms; that's a happy Subaru of their best generation in its natural environment. Otherwise I probably won't get another Subaru given the competition.
Note about CVTs: The Subaru CVT does not have any outstanding problems; the Subaru CVT is actually the most mature system around. They're not new, rather the American market is new to CVTs. Subaru has been building CVTs longer than the average age of this forum's members. The issue is that when the CVT goes bad, you typically have to replace the entire CVT which is a big expense if the vehicle isn't warrantied. They're not problematic, though. Lastly, if you're looking to use any of the offroad driving techniques such as brake-throttle modulation or pre-loading torque....then yeah, you'll absolutely trash a CVT. They'll be very unhappy and simply aren't built for it.