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Not another dime.
Depends on who "they" are. As linked earlier, the NSA and the like can track cell phones even if they're turned off.
Mobile advertisers, who are ostensibly the ones sharing the data with local government, may or may not track you when your turn off location data. They can, but generally the resolution is not as good unless you're also on a wifi network (e.g. they can probably see you're in one particular section of a neighborhood, but won't know your location to within a couple of feet like with GPS on). Even if you don't connect to the network, merely having wifi or bluetooth enabled allows stores to track your movement down various isles:
https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/15/b...your-cell.html
When I turn off location data, open a private browser, and go to google news, google still knows what city I am in and I'll get website ads tailored to my region. If I turn on my browser's VPN I'll get news & ads tailored to the location of the VPN.
I suppose it is all just a matter of degrees, but stay at home orders seem pretty authoritarian to me.