When it comes to expansion, gel seems to mirror the real world pretty well unless bones or some other structure are impacted. However, I have noticed that penetration from gel tests does not necessarily carry over to real-world, such is the case with the 124gr 9mm Gold Dot, which regularly penetrates well over 12" in gel. Not many upper chests are more than 12" thick unless we are talking about a chronic COPD patient who is morbidly obese. Even then, the upper chest area typically is not 16" thick in my experiences. A good bit of that is lung, and if the sternum is not impacted, there is potentially "no bone" there, either.
Same for other aspects of the body.
Yet routinely, I read of expended ammunition being recovered from 130# crack fiend's clothing after OIS's.
The penetration in gel simply does not compute with the real world, although it is very useful for comparison between ammunitions in lieu of the optionally public executions of child abusers and sex offenders that many of us would prefer.
My question now, is how does this correlate with ammunition that requires yaw for terminal effect? MK262 in gel typically comes apart at the 5" mark, although it begins to lose attitude at the 4" mark. Jihadists, according to a power-point authored (co-authored?) by Md Roberts, are 7" thick viewed frontally.
How does a consistent performer in gel perform in the real world? Is penetration before yaw in gel what is seen in real OIS/MIL/Hunting experience, or, like total penetration, is it typically a much shorter (or longer, conversely?) "neck" before loss of stability and fragmentation?